The leadership class was interesting
point in my leadership way. If you familiar with my weekly journals, it was
mentioned that I am planning to build a private clinic. Building a successful
private clinic is impossible without good leadership skills. For that reason I
decided to take Leadership communication instead of other humanities and social
classes. Saying that I get many things from this class is like saying nothing.
So, I will mention each points in separate paragraphs, such as communication,
leadership styles, followers, vision, slogan, stereotypes, mentors and power
pose.
From the first week book mentioned
that communication as primary tool of leadership. Communication consist of
verbal and non-verbal parts. It is allow us to communicate according to
symbols. From sociology theory of symbolistic interactionism, it’s known that
people communicate according to symbols, which they create themselves [3].
Symbols can be anything. For example, positive reinforcement, such as money. Famous
example is Pavlov dog that was trained to salivate for food. On the other hand,
communication and charisma is strongly interrelated. Charisma is known as
specific way of communication. I believe this is most important part of my PPL.
Usually I am conservative, quite and unresponsive to people, and do not
communicate with many classmates. From this point I decided to develop my
specific way of communication with people, which will allow to attract certain
people. Developing specific way of communication will allow to become more
charismatic and attractive as a leader.
Good leader can use all types of leadership
styles, such as democratic, authoritarian and laissez-faire in
different situations. My future plan to become skillful in using all of them.
Example of the authoritarian style can be North Korea. Where communism dictates
to people, how to live. I believe that there no ideally democratic style of the
leadership. The last one, Laissez-faire
was used in our group in discussion leadership assignment. Where, everyone was
more or less experts in class presentation. Laissez-faire type of leadership
give productive work when skillful and creative workers do what they want to
do. The same situation was in our group. Everyone did their job as productively
and creatively. In comparison, I had an experience of leading the group in
junior research. Unfortunately, one person and only one of six group members
gave me, as a leader, real head ache. He was angry, irresponsible, had
conflicts with everyone and even told some gossips about me at the end of the
semesters. However, this group work in comm. 460 was different from previous
semester. It was real pleasure to work with this people. Even if there was no concise
emerged or assigned leader, this group work showed to me one important things.
It is easy to be productive, task oriented leader, and friendly, interpersonal
oriented leader, when you have a good team. As a future leader I decided to be
a leader that will not waste a time to people, who do not deserve it. Moreover,
choosing best team members will be one of the main concern to me. From this
point I decided that I will be very careful in choosing my followers.
Another interesting point in me leadership way was self-assessment test.
During the outclass discussions, it was clear that some student do not like self-assessment
test, but I personally believe that it allows to see yourself from other side.
This is sometimes very difficult to do, but very valuable.
I did self-assessment of leadership
communication style. According to the results, I have preference to
authoritarian and democratic style. However, I less prefer Laissez-Faire style
of communication. I understand from the book that communication styles are
dependent on different situation. For that reason, I should encourage myself to
use Laissez-Faire style of communication, when it is appropriate.
However,
self-assessment test from the book showed that I have high least-preferred
coworker (LPS) score. This basically means that I am more relationship
oriented. This is very strange because usually I am unresponsive to people.
Another test
was related to values and personal slogan.
My terminal values:
1. Sense of accomplishment
2. Inner harmony
3. Salvation
4. A comfortable life
5. Self-respect
6. Happiness
My Instrumental values (help to
achieve goals):
1. Honest
2. Self-controlled
3. Responsible
4. Courageous
5. Independent
6. Forgiving
This week I did test about my
terminal and instrumental values to identify personal vision and slogan.
Thermal and instrumental values you see above are my top values.
My personal vision statement:
Infinity (in soul and mind) can be
achieved by honest and hard work, if I will not afraid to think independently.
My Slogan:
With right thinking I can reach an
infinity.
In the lecture it was mentioned that
good leader use different combination of power. I did self-assessment to
identify personal power profile. According to the results, I have high
combination of reward, legitimate, referent and expert power. However, I have
low coercive power. It is known that coercive power is can lower effect of
other power type, but it can be effective to rule huge number of people.
Personally, I believe that for me it is important to use coercive power from
time to time.
As a leader I must think about employees and followers, for that reason
I must think about follower’s motivation. In addition, in order to become
better leader I must overcome some mental challenges, such as reciprocation,
commitment, social proof and liking. All of this related to stereotypes, which
may become areal obstacles in my leadership way. For now I am less
stereotypical about people than in childhood, when a lot of people was able to
shape my way of thinking. However, trip to US helped me to reach a new level of
development, when all my soviet stereotypes shattered to small debris.
Stereotypes are very complicated issue and it is difficult to get rid of them,
but still possible.
Relationship is important to achieve the aims and to connection. Mentor
is important for career and psychological support. I have several mentors in my
life. For example, Azamat abi, Ernar abi, Dr. Schoenbach and ect. One of the
mentors once told me that life is all about creating the habit. First we create
the habit and then habit create us. 7 habit of highly effective people is
important and make sense for me. My personal habit of the success: Daily to do
list! I knew that good teacher is important, but I didn’t think that it will be
emphasized in the book as a part of the chapter. Sometimes we see argument to
support our personal opinion. Here a mentor for leadership is important for
several reasons. First of all it is mirror neurons, which located in the brain
in several regions such as Inferior parietal cortex, Supplementary motor area, Ventral
premortal area and Primary somato sensory cortex. [2] Mirror neurons are very
important in education in any age and especially in childhood. [2] They allow children
to copy emotions, behavior, attitude to work, intonation and basically
everything they see in the people around them [2]. Process of coping other is
unconscious and we unaware of it, for that reason it is very import to
understand, what kind of people around us. From that point I will find best
mentors with excellent leadership skills, which will teach me how to become the
better leader. Currently, I believe that I have at least one around, because I
involved in the project with Dr. Schoenbach. In truth he is good leader and can
organize excellent research work. I have a lot thing to learn from him.
Power posing for 2 min before important event was very interesting to
know about this technique. I personally very liked it and we even used it in
our leadership discussion presentation. From psychology it is known that
emotion can be awakened in three different ways. One of the theory states that
physiology (body position and biological process in it) comes first. Then,
brain analyze everything related to body and position is included too. Finally,
brain makes decision about emotions that must be awakened. If you power pose
for several minutes, brain will help to awake certain pleasant emotions, which
will make you more confident and dominant over situation. In video it was
stated that it increase the dopamine, but I see from different perspective.
Again I really, liked power pose techniques and to be more confident and
positive as a leader will use it in the future. Unfortunately, for now I am not
really confident person, I am not open for communication and it is really
difficult to communicate with someone. For that reason to develop specific way
of communication and become charismatic person, I will use power poses during
and before important conversations, and this is habit to develop.
In conclusion, currently I am not
experienced leader and have average communication skills with people. My dream
called “private clinic” will require development of all mentioned skills and
new habits. I believe book didn’t emphasize much to one important issue, which
is directly related to all chapters of leadership development. This is high
values. Values are the most important characteristics that person can develop
in the entire life. Values identify person as an individual and it’s characteristics,
such charisma, habits, way of thinking and etc.
My primary leadership goal will related to developments of high values,
which I believe will attract people with the same values to me. Consequently, I
will form a team of people, who will positively influence to me (mirror
neurons), and I will positively influence to them. This will lead to overall
success in my life and leadership skills are required.
Weekly
journals:
#1
This week I started to write
responses about leadership. Several things I understood about leadership. First
of all according to the symbolic-interactionist theory, people create symbols
and communicate according to those symbols. This fact I know from Intro to
sociology class that I took last semester. Consequently, I figured out that
leaders also create symbols and communicate according to those symbols, and it
is no surprise for me, because all people create symbols. In class we discussed
the example of Mark Ayala, who created A T-shirt Company, in order to show a
gratitude to his employee, Mark printed out T-shirt for them. However, some
people found this T-shirt humiliating. From this example we can infer that not
all the symbols that were created by leaders are appropriate. Sometimes it is
better to use universal symbols, such as money for example.
During the class Jenifer Lewis told
that, when they got money in their job, she was much appreciated. As I know
from the psychology classes money is secondary reinforcement, because it allows
buying primary reinforcement such as food. One of the well-known example is a
Povlov’ dog, which salivated to the bell ring. For that reason I have an idea
that leader can shape behavior of employees buy reinforcing the appropriate
behavior.
Moreover, as I understand from the
lectures, we can conclude that there almost nothing unique about human being.
Every aspect of human personality can be questioned or disproved. However,
communication with people is one of the most import skills of leader. An
example of Peter Houghton is appropriate one here. He talked with employee to
make something important.
#2
This week I learned that leadership
involves communication. Communication involves some interesting processes that
I never noticed before. For example, according to Barnlund principle of
communication, I learned that communication involves personality and it is
circular. Actually, there was another three facts but they are strait forward,
so I skip them. It was mentioned that leadership is actually about your actions
and innate traits. From that point of view I started to think about leadership
as a temperament of the person. Temperament usually do not change during the
lifetime and it is born trait. Moreover, I read that leadership modifies
attitude and behavior, in order to reach certain goals. To reach those goals
something must be done, because work will never be done by someone else. For
that reason, leadership is considered as act of communication and collaboration
with others. Finally, there are two dimensions of the communication in
leadership, such as task and interpersonal. Those dimensions make work to be
done.
There are three type of
communication styles, such as Democratic, authoritarian and laissez-faire. I
was familiar with democratic and authoritarian styles. This is because I made
analogy with different parenting styles from psychology course. I understood
that followers similar to children and visa verse. The most interesting
communication style was laissez-faire. Personally, I believe that it is not the
best strategy in Kazakhstan, because it is difficult to find huge number of
productive specialist. Otherwise laissez-faire is useless.
I did self-assessment of leadership
communication style. According to the results, I have preference to
authoritarian and democratic style. However, I less prefer Laissez-Faire style
of communication. I understand from the book that communication styles are
dependent on different situation. For that reason, I should encourage myself to
use Laissez-Faire style of communication, when it is appropriate.
#3
This week Ardak and Tolganay gave
presentation about leadership and several things I understood from their
presentation. In class they discussed trait and situational approach in
leadership. According to the trait approach leaders born with certain traits,
while situational approach states that behavior is depend on situation.
However, my thinking changed a lot after example of lady Nixon. She is pure
example of hard work and that people can become and not born as a leader.
Once before I heart that to become a
good leader, you must become a good follower first. Path – goal theory is a
good example of the best followers. I believe to be an inexperienced and unsure
follower. For that reason, I must change to become skilled and experienced.
According to the Hersey blanchard’s
situational leadership approach ability and willingness of followers is
important to determine appropriate leadership behavior. I have high willingness
for task and ability usually depend on task. For that reason, I am usually in
level 4 or level 2.
Leader must be prepared for every
occasion and see it forehead. Like Ardak and Tolganay had their soundspeakers
with them during the lecture.
Usually, I am achievement orientated
and I am planning to be more sociable with people. From the book I read that people
make a lot of connections with in-group, but it is better to make as much as
connections with everyone. However, self-assessment test from the book showed
that I have high least-preferred coworker (LPS) score. This basically means
that I am more relationship oriented. I do not personally believe that it is
true. In addition, from the 4-D Model followership I figured out that job
satisfaction is positively correlated with productivity. It changed my
thinking, and now I will concern about work conditions for my imaginary
employers to increase productivity.
#4
This week I learned that charisma is
one of the most important agents of the Leader. Moreover, leader and managers
are different entities. For example, not all the managers are leaders. In class
we covered several theories of the leader. These theories give portrait of the
leader. It changed my view only in one way. Previously I was thinking about
leader as a person with certain characteristics, but now I have ambiguous
portrait of the leader. For example, leader must have some degree of the
charisma, but even from the class discussion, when we voted about most
charismatic person, I understood that different people see charisma in
different ways. Moreover, according to the communication approach charisma is
specific type of communication. However, we all different and have different
communication skills and types. My conclusion is that all people have charisma,
but sometimes our specific type of communication may be inappropriate in
certain situations and we may seems to be uncharismatic. This can be proven
with behavioral approach and in critical situation (again critical situation
can be different) charismatic leader appear. In those situation people’s
specific communication or voice becomes more appropriate, and he or she
automatically becomes charismatic.
Other approaches were also
interesting but they were less influential to my way of thinking.
Terminal values:
1. Sense of accomplishment
2. Inner harmony
3. Salvation
4. A comfortable life
5. Self-respect
6. Happiness
Instrumental values (help to achieve
goals):
1. Honest
2. Self-controlled
3. Responsible
4. Courageous
5. Independent
6. Forgiving
This week I did test about my
terminal and instrumental values to identify personal vision and slogan. Thermal
and instrumental values you see above are my top values.
My personal vision statement:
Infinity (in soul and mind) can be
achieved by honest and hard work, if I will not afraid to think independently.
My Slogan:
Right thinking is a way to infinity.
#5
This week we studied how leadership
is related to the power. Power is the ability to influence others. Power is
essential tool for the leadership to exist. In overall, seven different power
types can be identified. First one is coercive power. Coercive power can be
detrimental, because it can humiliate employs by giving negative punishment.
Reward power is positive reinforcement, when boss give some goods for desirable
behavior. Legitimate power refer to the power that can be obtained from
position only. Expert power is based on the person, credibility and knowledge.
Reference power is power of the Gandi, when someone has power only because
people want to be like them. In that case person with reference power act like
role model. Informational power is related to the distribution and access of
the data. Finally, ecological power arises from control of the physical
environment, such as technology. Finally, power of the leader is not an
absolute, because what I want will not really happen all the time.
In the lecture it was mentioned that
good leader use different combination of power. In the lecture we did
self-assessment to identify personal power profile. According to the results, I
have high combination of reward, legitimate, referent and expert power. However,
I have low coercive power. It is known that coercive power is can lower effect
of other power type, but it can be effective to rule huge number of people.
Personally, I believe that for me it is important to use coercive power from
time to time.
Empowerment:
When I will have my private clinic,
I will share power, because it leads to better job satisfaction, better life
satisfaction, better cooperation and collective survival. Modifying the
environment change structure and change the way we do things. In addition,
modifying the environment also help to build intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic
motivation can be formed by choice, competence, impact and meaning. Finally,
strong leaders are those who can handle the power that came back (like negative
feedback) after power distribution.
# 6
Influence is the ability to change
some one mind without direct influence.
Credibility is believability of the
person. First component is competence, which is knowledge of the topic, skill
and the intelligence. Second one is trustworthiness, which refers to honesty
and reliability. Final one is dynamism is how leader see the future and how it
shows .
1. Show to the follower that you and
him the same. Moreover, you must send same message again and again.
2. Physical appearance is important
for the first impression.
For me as for the future leader it
is important to build long time credibility and the only way to build that
credibility is being an example for others. I must discover myself and sustain
hope. It is almost the same thing as being a good parent.
When you are thinking about the
argument, you must think about the audience. In that case it will be Jenifer
Lewis. As a leader I must think about employees and followers, for that reason
I must think about follower’s motivation. In addition, in order to become
better leader I must overcome some mental challenges, such as reciprocation,
commitment, social proof and liking
Reciprocation:
If you like someone who like
reciprocal, you may think how to use it in your favor.
Commitment:
Instead of consistently do the same
stuff, it is better to be malleable.
Social proof:
Recognize when some crowd reaction
is true or not. Leader must figure out what is really happening.
Liking:
Is based on the similarity and
compliment. Someone who you see frequently, you like more. Connection between
people create liking, because of the mutual trust. For leader it is important
to separate productivity with liking. Family connection is also important in
Kazakhstan.
Argumentative competence:
One of the most important issue of
this chapter was argumentativeness. I believe that argumentation is important
to lead and interpret your vision of the future. From the book chapter I did
self-assessment test for argumentativeness and I have really very low score. In
test scoring minimum scoring in low argumentativeness is 20, but my score was
17!. In truth, from my life experience, I already understood that people gets
on your head, when I am always quite. It is better to change myself and involve
in the arguments. I believe that argumentativeness is my weakest point from now
on.
Verbal aggression vs
argumentativeness. Verbal aggression needs to be eliminated for good
argumentation.
5 skills to build skills
argumentative.
Propositional formula is important
to identify who on your side. A to B then C is Q.
Invent an argument:
1. Problem, 2 whom I must to blame. 3.
Solution 4. Consequence.
Present and defend your position:
Claim: problem:
Evidence:
Reason:
Summary:
Attacking other position:
Chapter 6
When you are thinking about the
argument, you must think about the audience. In that case it will be Jenifer
Lewis. As a leader I must think about employees and followers, for that reason
I must think about follower’s motivation. In addition, in order to become better
leader I must overcome some mental challenges, such as reciprocation,
commitment, social proof and liking
Reciprocation:
If you like someone who like
reciprocal, you may think how to use it in your favor.
Commitment:
Instead of consistently do the same
stuff, it is better to be malleable.
Social proof:
Recognize when some crowd reaction
is true or not. Leader must figure out what is really happening.
Liking:
Is based on the similarity and
compliment. Someone who you see frequently, you like more. Connection between
people create liking, because of the mutual trust. For leader it is important
to separate productivity with liking. Family connection is also important in
Kazakhstan.
Authority:
Critical thinking is important to
overcome authority.
Scarcity:
We limit freedom of choice, when we
face possibility of the short supply. For example, an advertisement of the
brand new clothes. Which may lead to the uniqueness of the personality, because
it is status.
#7
Leadership in group and teams
Fundamental of group interaction,
Group can effectively interact if
they have a common purpose, interdependence, mutual influence, ongoing
communication and have specific size. Group change over time. Emergent
leadership
Leaders can be chosen be method of
the elimination. It allows choosing most effective leaders. Moreover,
communication style is also important. The example of assigning the leader can
be seen in real life. For example presidential election in USA. Obama was
elected for the second time because considered to be effective leader. In
difficult time period, like WWII, General Zhukov was elected as head of the
army, because other generals was ineffective.
Leader will be rejected if person
absent from group meetings, do not contribute to the interaction, do not joke
much, demonstrate excessive knowledge like Sheldon from “big bang theory” and
demonstrate a contempt for leadership. From my personal experience in group
meeting people who passive, irresponsible and talk too much scientific words do
not become project leaders.
Useful strategies to become leader
or to be effective leader in the group.
Contribute to the group session. It
is important to set the goals, challenging weak assumption, show competence and
to build status of other people. Clear agenda, determine necessary of the
meeting, lay the groundwork and maintain focus in following meetings. For
example I am currently engaged in research project with Dr. Schoenbach. As a
leader he sets meeting every Friday at exact time. During this meeting people
set goals and discuss mistakes. By using this meeting Dr. Schoenbach build
status of the people assigning to them different tasks. That kind of meetings
is used by Dr. Schoenbach to be an effective leader in his group. In the future
I will use the same stategy.
#9
This week we did our discussion
leadership assignment. The group in which I worked was really creative. We used
Laissez-Faire communication style in group. Previously I really didn’t
understand how it can be effective. However, Anatolii, Akbay and me were highly
motivated and as 4 year student I considered us as a little experts in class
presentations. Akbay did an excellent video to catch an attention. We avoided
conflicts and every member allowed to do, what they want to do. In final, it
lead to very productive and very creative presentation. The topic was public
leadership. There are several things that I understood from this topic. First
of all, single speech alone cannot be an effective. You need a campaign. In my
presentation I did an analogy with Coca-Cola campaign hello happiness. Class
was able to answer questions related to steps in persuasive campaign, such as
situation analysis, budget, the duration of the campaign and evaluation of the
results. From this realized again that with analogy we can think and remember
better. In addition, planning the speech is important in public leadership. As
we did before our presentation. Group work this time wasn’t a disaster. For
example, I had an experience of leading the group in junior research.
Unfortunately, one person and only one of six group members gave me, as a
leader, real head ache. He was angry, irresponsible, had conflicts with
everyone and even told some gossips about me at the end of the semesters.
However, this group work was different from previous semester. It was real
pleasure to work with this people. Even if there was no concise emerged or
assigned leader, this group work showed to me one important things. It is easy
to be productive, task oriented leader, and friendly, interpersonal oriented
leader, when you have good team. As a future leader I decided to be a leader
that will not waste a time to people, who do not deserve it. Moreover, choosing
best team members will be one of the main concern to me. Like army of Genghis
Khan. His army was the best because he assigned the best to the general
positions, not because of their status and blood relationships.
#10
This week I understand
that successful leader must create organization that has a lot of diversity.
Diversity gives benefits such as better decision making, greater innovation,
high performance and effective resource management. Thinking about Kazakhstan I
realize that there are not much diversity here. Primary reason is that
Kazakhstan Majority are Kazakh and Russian. In most private and governmental
companies you can observe given trend. However, some organization like NU has
multicultural and gender diversity. I personally believe that it positively
effect on the overall productivity of our university. I observed that NU in 5
years becoming the leading university in Kazakhstan. University comparatively
very different from other Kazakhstani universities. Primary reason is that with
Cultural and gender diversity, here we get rid of Kazakhstani mentality. When
student solve their problems by close relatives, by money and any other
empowerment tool.
Good leader must be
tolerant and do not believe to any stereotype. I started to think about
stereotypes in our society and my personal stereotypes. I started to believe
that my stereotypes not only put my perception of the world in the narrow
frame, but also frames the point of view of people around me. For example,
older people from soviet times were thinking before that people in US are
really bad, kill people in Vietnam, Korea and Afghanistan, making sex all the
times and cruel, because give their parent to older home. In my childhood those
were one of the many thing I was sure about America. As I become older, I
started to realize that it is not really true. My final point was trip to
Wisconsin, where all stereotypes about America just fold apart. From that life
experience I now that relatives stereotypes can easily infect the mind of young
and uneducated child. In addition, from my personal experience from group work
in assignment, I can state that there are not much difference in leadership
style between genders. All the differences are stereotypes created by society.
For example the stereotype that women more warm, careful and true. Even I our
class I can see ladies, who more harsh and courageous than other man I know.
#11
Ethics
Importance of ethics.
Ethics bound to human communication and leadership. Ethics is moral conduct to
judgment. Is human behavior is right and wrong? ethical challenge can be an
informational management. For example, ministry of finance, who do not shared
information with Kazakhstani people information about devalvation of tenge. Was
it ethical or not? Giving that information to people, will create chaos and damage
economics even more. However, ministry of finance decided that it was better to
harm people. Choice was between people and governmental needs. In that case
lying was necessary or not? For sure, lying is wrong and it damages character
of the leader. In addition lying can destroy organizational work. Ethically
correct leader must follow the rule. Challenge of power in ethics is important.
For example, medical doctor who do not want to do abortion, should not be
punished.
Challenge of privilege
like reward for leader is bigger that reward for followers. For example, mayor
of cities in Kazakhstan, who uses governmental money to buy very expensive cars
and having the highest possible salary in governmental organization. However,
there are no correct answer.
Loyalty to duty. To
family, to society and so on is important to consider. For example president of
Chili insisted to dig for miners even, if chances was low. Personal needs can
sometime get advantage of ethical norms of the society. For example, you can
get rid of your boss to get his position. In addition, in Kazakh Khan killed
each other for become main head in the region. Ethical dilemmas is always the
case in personal needs.
Problem with ethics
can appear when people do not have as high moral sensitivity as other people.
For that reason, some student in NU do not see cheating as morally wrong. For
that giving answers is helping and it is right thing to do. For example, I
allowed to copy my work frequently at school, because classmates asked a help from
me. However, now I realize that simply coping or doing others job is not the
help. You damage person more, because he/she become really unintelligent.
In conclusion, ethical
dilemmas will appear frequently on the way of every leader. Leader must have clear
understanding of rules in organization to solve every case.
#12
This week we studied one of the last
chapters about Leader and leadership development. Relationship is important to
achieve the aims and to connection. Mentor is important for career and psychological
support. In career mentor can help to acquire funding, mentor can also coach,
protect and help with challenges. From psychological point of view mentor is
role model and become real friend.
Abilities of leader can be
developed. Challenge and diversity in organization can help to develop
leadership. In addition, analyzing mistakes and fails, and personal trauma can
help people to get up and become stronger as a leader. Most strong leaders
faced most hard obstacle in their life. For example, Thomas Edison, Nelson
Mandela and Napoleon Bonaparte. Nick Vudich is another example to consider,
because he struggle from the disability, but able to become one of the most
popular orators in our time. Mentor and person relationship depend on the
person openness to the mentor. And it is two way relationships and attitude of
both person and mentor is important.
I have several mentors in my life.
For example, Azamat abi, Ernar abi, Dr. Schoenbach and ect. One of the mentors
once told me that life is all about creating the habit. First we create the
habit and then habit create us. 7 habit of highly effective people is important
and make sense for me. My personal habit of the success: Daily to do list!
My leadership map.
My leadership map have three main
roads. The first road is family, the second road is school , the third road is
university. All of the roads are twisted and in constant turns, because my
leadership path was never straight. Family tree consist of father, mother,
sister, grandparents and main branch lead to role model. This is because family
constantly serves as model to follow. School had some important turns and
people. For example, teachers, abiler (something like mentors in class),
friends and I also struggled with ideas about good and evil. However, in
overall school didn’t really contribute to my leadership skills and experience.
Final, in my map I have University
Street, which contributed the most to my leadership skills. For example, in
this street you can see group project, Friends, Classes, internships, books and
all the people around me who shaped my way of thinking. University Street
finally leads to communication classes that I took this semester.
Interestingly to note that all of
this street grow constantly with the time, like branches on the tree. As the
time changes so deferent street contribute more or less to my leadership
skills.
Note:
! = important
Bones = less important
Reference:
[1] Hackman, M. & Johnson, C. (2013). Leadership: A Communication
Perspective, 6th Ed.
[2] Sourya Acharya and Samarth Shukla, Mirror neurons: Enigma of the
metaphysical modular brain,
J. Nat. Sci. Biol. Med. 2012 Jul-Dec; 3(2): 118–124.doi: 10.4103/0976-9668.101878
[3] Sheldon Stryker,
(2015) From Mead to a Structural Symbolic Interactionism and Beyond, Annu. Rev. Sociol 2008. 34:15–31
